请同学们设计一款中餐宴会菜单，宴会主题包括且不限于：婚宴、寿宴、谢师宴、周岁宴、商务宴会等。可使用ppt、word、photoshop等进行设计。作业上传时请将过程性文件（ppt、word、photoshop文件）一并上传，不能只上传图片。
请认真学习本项目任务一、任务三的操作规范及操作流程，并按照标准规范进行反复练习，并将实操成果录制视频上传。视频中内容要求如下：1.一次完整的托盘实操练习；2.自选一种花型，一次完整的餐巾折花实操练习。视频文件统一命名为：姓名 班级。
请按照本项目的实训情况，撰写实训报告。附件中为实训报告模板。
请认真学习本项目任务二的操作规范及操作流程，并按照标准规范进行反复练习斟酒服务技能，并将实操成果录制视频上传。视频内容：一次完整的斟酒服务实操练习。视频文件统一命名为：姓名 班级。
请总结实训情况，撰写并以附件形式提交实训报告。模板详见附件。
实训任务：中餐主题宴会设计 中餐宴会台面设计，又称餐桌布置艺术，它是根据宴会主题，对宴会台面用品进行合理搭配、布置和装饰，以形成一个完美台面组合形式的艺术创造。 设计方案内容： 1、主题名称 2、台面中心造型设计 3、餐具设计，包括骨碟、汤碗、汤匙 、味碟、水杯、红酒杯、白酒杯、筷子、筷套等。 4、餐巾花的设计 5、桌裙、桌布及椅套的质地、颜色、款式。 要求： 整理成word或者ppt形式提交。 实训任务要求及参考作品详见附件。
请大家总结实训情况，撰写提交本项目的实训报告。模板详见附件。
请学习微课、课件中的前厅服务礼仪，并按照操作规范分别练习站姿礼仪、坐姿礼仪、蹲姿礼仪、走姿礼仪、手势礼仪、指引礼仪、握手礼仪、鞠躬礼仪、介绍礼仪、递送礼仪。并录制视频上传至作业平台。
请根据实训情况，撰写并提交实训报告。模板详见附件。
请根据本项目任务三微课中的中式铺床操作程序与标准，实操练习甩单、抖单、装被芯三个中式铺床技能，并录制视频上传至作业平台。
请根据实训情况，撰写并提交实训报告。模板详见附件。
目前，酒店行业各酒店的技能操作程序与标准有所不同。请同学们结合本课程所学，并充分利用网络搜集相关资料，基于你的理解、认知，撰写一份《酒店服务技能操作程序与标准》，其内容包括中餐摆台操作程序与标准、西餐摆台操作程序与标准、中式铺床操作程序与标准三部分，可以举例说明，要求图文并茂，也可以含手绘图。期末考核方案详见附件。
简述教师怎样合理安排幼儿一日活动，促进儿童身心健康发展？
简述创设幼儿园心理环境的要求
简述一下幼儿园环境创设的概念和特点
简述一下幼儿园环境创设的价值和作用
下列哪个是的主析取范式?
某案件有四名嫌疑犯，经调查得知 （1）只有b是罪犯，c才是罪犯 （2）如果c不是罪犯，那么d是罪犯 （3）或者a是罪犯，或者b不是罪犯 （4）a不是罪犯 那么谁是罪犯？
a，b，c，d四人中派两人出差，若a去则c，d中要去一人，b和c不能都去，c去则d要留下，那么一共有多少种派法？
张三说李四在说谎，李四说王五在说谎，王五说张三和李四都在说谎。到底谁在说谎？
以下选项错误的为
勾选下列命题公式中的重言式
勾选下列所有正确的逻辑等价式
以下说确的有
以下说法错误的有
以下正确的有
设一阶逻辑公式，则与等价的是
设、是一阶逻辑公式，是一个谓词，, ,则一阶逻辑公式是
设谓词的定义域为,将表达式中量词消除，写成与之对应的命题公式是
设i是如下一个解释：, , , , . 则在解释下取真值为1的公式是( ).
设全体域d是正整数，下列命题为真的是.
公式中，既是自由变元，又是约束变元的是.
设i是如下一个解释：, 试求. 提示：将量词消除，代换为合取析取
设谓词代表“x等于y”，个体变元x，y的个体域都为{1，2，3}，则以下选项真值为1的是？
以下哪些公式是可满足的?
设代表“x是人”，代表“x会犯错”，那么“没有不犯错误的人”可以形式化为
由n个命题变元组成的互不等值的命题公式的个数为（）
设c(x)表示x是运动员，g(x)表示x是强壮的，则命题“没有运动员不是强壮的”符号化为：
设f(x)表示x是火车，g(y)表示y是汽车，h(x,y)表示x比y快，则命题“有的汽车比所有的火车慢”符号化为（）
下列等值式中，不正确的是( )
下列一阶公式是前束范式的是（ ）
一阶公式中的变量x是( )
任意一个一阶公式都存在唯一的与之等值的前束范式
一阶公式是永真式
有一精度为1.0级的压力表，其量程为-0.1～1.6mpa，则其允许误差为………( )
仪表输出的变化与引起变化的被测变量变化值之比称为仪表的( )。
某工艺要求测量范围在0～300℃，最大绝对误差不能大于±4℃，所选精确度 为( )。
0.5级仪表的精度等级可写为( )。
某仪表精度为0.5级，使用一段时间后其最大绝对误差为±0.8％，则此表应定为( )级。
精度等级为l.5级的检测仪表表明其最大相对误差为±1％。
选择压力表时，精度等级越高，则仪表的测量误差越小。
测量误差的表示方法一般分为绝对误差和相对误差。
测量系统和测量条件不变时，增加重复测量次数并不能减少系统误差。
灵敏度高的仪表精确度一定高。
根据测量误差产生的原因不同，工作中最容易产生的是哪一种误差？
自动化系统的分类有哪些？
自动化是什么?
which of the following is not the standard of c language?
when compile a c program, the comments will .
a file written by c language .
which of the following languages can be recognized by cpu directly?
many programming languages borrow heavily form c language, including c , java, c# and perl.
by writing c compilers for other computers, c program can be run in different platforms.
one of c’s advantages is efficiency. because c was intended for applications where assembly language had traditionally been used, it was crucial that c programs could run quickly and in limited amounts of memory.
c’s weaknesses arise from the same source as many of its strengths: c’s closeness to the machine.
which of the following is a legal c identifier？
which of the following is not keyword in c language？
which of the following program is right?
which of the following statement is wrong?
the extended ascii character set uses one byte to represent character, therefore the number of characters that the extended ascii character can represent is .
which of the following is not a constant in c language?
which of the following is not a float constant in c language?
the three identifiers, weight, weight and weight, are equal in c language.
in c language, which of the following operator requires its operands must be of type int?
of which operation the precedence is higher than others’?
suppose int k=7, x=12; of which expression the value is 3?
the value of the expression 3.6-5/2 1.2 5%2 is ____.
given a statement f = (3.0, 4.0, 5.0), (2.0, 1.0, 0.0); , which of the following conclusion is right?
suppose all variables in the following expressions have been declared and initialized, which of the following is not a legal expression in c language?
if an expression is the sum of four data of different types, including int, long, double and char, the expression’s type is ____.
the expressions i and i are exactly the same as (i = 1).
if c is a variable of type char, which one of the following statements is illegal?
suppose that we call scanf as follows: scanf(“%d%f%d”, &i, &x, &j); if the user enters: 10.8 9 3↙ what will be the values of i, x, and j after the call? (assume that i and j are int variables and x is a float variable. ↙ is used to represent enter key)
suppose that we call scanf as follows: scanf(“%f%d%f”, &x, &i, &y); if the user enters: 12.3 45.6 789 what will be the values of x, i, and y after the call? (assume that x and y are float variables and i is an int variable. ↙ is used to represent enter key)
which one of the following is correct?
assuming the following statements: char c1='1',c2='2'; c1=getchar(); c2=getchar(); putchar(c1); putchar(c2); if input a└┘↙ when run the code, ↙ is used to represent enter key, └┘ is used to represent space, which one of the following statements is correct?
given the following declarations and scanf function call statements, to make the value of a1, a2, c1, c2 to be 10, 20, a and b respectively. which one of the following inputs is correct? ↙ is used to represent enter key and └┘ is used to represent space. （ d ） int a1,a2; char c1,c2; scanf("%d%d",&a1,&a2); scanf("%c%c",&c1,&c2);
assuming the statement scanf("a=%d,b=%d,c=%d",&a,&b,&c); to make the values of a, b, and c to be 1, 3, 2 respectively, which of the following input is correct? ↙ is used to represent enter key and └┘ is used to represent space.
if the variable x is of type double, which one of the following statements is right?
what is the output of the following code? └┘ is used to represent space. float x=-1023.012; printf("%8.3f,",x); printf(".3f",x);
what is the output of the following code? int x=13,y=5; printf("%d",x%=(y/=2));
if we declared int a=1234;, what is the result when executing the statement printf("-",a);?
what is the output of the following code? int a; char c=10; float f=100.0; double x; a=f/=c*=(x=6.5); printf("%d %d %3.1f %3.1f",a,c,f,x);
execute the following statements, if input 12345678↙，what is the output? int a , b ; scanf("-%*2d=",&a,&b); printf("%d",a b);
c compilers are required to check that the number of conversion specifications in a format string matches the number of output items.
if the format string is “%d\n”, scanf will skip white space, read an integer, and then skip to the next non-white-space character. so a format string like this can cause an interactive program to “hang” until the user enters a nonblank character.
after the execution of the following statements: int a=1, b=2, c=3, d=4, m=2, n=2, cond; cond = (m=a>b) && (n=c>d); , which one of the following value is equal to the value of n ?
suppose i is a variable of type int, and its value is 10, which of the following is the value of expression 30-i<=i<=9 ?
after the execution of the following statements: int a=0,b=0,m=0,n=0; (m=a==b)||(n=b==a);，the values of m and n are and respectively?
which of the following is equal to the expression !x ?
suppose int x=3,y=4,z=5; , which of the following is the value of the expression !(x y) z-1 && y z/2 ?
which of the following is not a legal expression in c language?
the expression in if(expression) can be .
when execute the following program: #include int main() { int x,y; scanf("%d%d",&x,&y); if (x>y) x=y;y=x; else x ;y ; printf("%d,%d",x,y); return 0; } which one of the following is correct?
in c language, the rule on embedded if statement is that else is always paired with .
which one is correct when execute the following code? int x=0,y=0,z=0; if (x=y z) printf("***"); else printf("###");
if a=1, b=3, c=5, d=4，the value of x is when execute the following program. if (a
which one of the following is equal to the statement y=(x>0 ? 1: x<0 ? -1:0); .
what is the output of the following program? #include int main() { int x=1,y=0,a=0,b=0; switch(x) { case 1: switch (y) { case 0 : a ; break ; case 1 : b ; break ; } case 2: a ; b ; break ; case 3: a ; b ; } printf("a=%d,b=%d",a,b); return 0; }
if int i=10; the value of i will be after executing the following code. switch (i) { case 9: i =1 ; case 10: i =1 ; case 11: i =1 ; default: i =1 ; }
given the declaration: float w; int a, b; , which one of the following is a legal switch statement?
if int i=1; the value of i will be after executing the following code. switch (i) { case '1': i =1 ; case '2': i =1 ; case '3': i =1 ; default : i =1 ; }
after the execution of the following statements: int i=5, j=4, k=6 ; float f; f = (i
after the execution of the following statements: int m1=5,m2=3; m1>m2 ? (m1=1):(m2=-1);, the values of m1 and m2 are respectively?
switch statements can be totally replaced by if statements at any time.
the expression in a case label of a switch statement must be constant expression.
the statement if and switch can be embedded.
the conditional expression and if statement can be totally replaced by each other.
duplicate case labels aren’t allowed in switch statement.
in switch statement, several case can execute the same program segment.
the controlling expression in switch statement can be an expression of any type.
the case branch in switch statement can be a compound statement or multiply statement sequence.
without break (or some other jump statement) at the end of a case, control will flow into the next case.
what is the output of the following program? #include int main() { int x=0,y=5,z=3; while(z-->0&& x<5) y=y-1; printf("%d, %d, %d",x,y,z); return 0; }
which one of the following contains an infinite loop?
the following code . x=-1; do{ x=x*x; }while (!x);
which one of the following statements is correct?
assume the following code: int n=0,p; do { scanf("%d",&p); n ; } while (p!=12345 && n<3);when , the loop will terminate.
given the following for statement: int i,k; for (i=0,k=-1; k=1 ; i ,k ) printf("***"); which one of the following conclusions is correct?
the loop times of the following for statement are . for (i=2; i==0;) printf("%d",i--);
what is the output of the following program? #include int main() { int i,sum; for(i=1;i<6;i ) sum =i; printf("%d",sum); return 0; }
assume s, a, b, c are declared as integers, and a, c have been assigned values (c>0), s=a; for(b=1; b<=c; b ) s=s 1;which one of the following is equal to the above code?
what is the output of the following program? #include int main() { int i=0,s=0; for (;;) { if(i==3||i==5) continue; if (i==6) break; i ; s =i; }; printf("%d",s); return 0; }
if the variables i and p have been declared and initialized correctly, which one of the following cannot calculate 5! ?
in the following programs, which one has the different output with the others’?
what is the output of the following program? #include int main() { int k=0,m=0,i,j; for (i=0; i<2; i ) { for (j=0; j<3; j ) k ; k-=j ; } m = i j ; printf("k=%d,m=%d",k,m); return 0; }
which one of the following is not correct?
assume the following program fragment: int k=2; while (k=0) { printf("%d",k) ; k-- ; }which one of the following is correct?
while in do statement can be omitted sometimes.
any of the 3 expressions in for loop can be omitted, and so is while and do statement’s controlling expression.
the most powerful iteration statement is for statement.
the loop body in the for statement will be executed at least once.
break can be used in switch statements and loops (while, do, and for), whereas continue is limited to loops.
which one of the following statements is wrong?
which one of the following statements about macro substitute is wrong ?
assuming we have #define l(x) 2*3.14*x，thus l(x) is .
assuming we have #define p(x) x/x, what is the output after executing printf("%d",p(4 6)); ?
assuming the macro definition #define mod(x,y) x%y, what is the result of the following code? int z,a=15; float b=100; z=mod(b,a); printf("%d",z );
which one of the following macro for square calculation will not cause ambiguity in any case?
given a macro definition as follows: #define n 3 #define y(n) ((n 1)*n), which one of the following is the value of the expression 2*(n y(5 1))?
given a macro definition #define p(x,y,z) x=y*z; the substitution p(a,x 5,y-3.1) will be .
in the file including preprocessing directives, when the file name is enclosed by double quotes after #include, the file will be searched in .
in the file including preprocessing directives, when the file name is enclosed by angle bracket after #include, the file will be searched .
macro substitution does not have type problem, and its arguments are of no type either.
in c language standard library header files, many system function prototype are declared. therefore, as long as these functions are used in the program, these header files should be included, for checking the function calling by compiling system.
the header files included by #include must have the suffix .h.
when index the array element, which one of the following statements is wrong?
which one of the following declarations can define a one dimensional array a correctly in c89?
assume a declaration int a[10]; , which one of the following can reference the element in a correctly?
which one of the following statements is wrong?
assume the declaration int a[3][4]; which one of the following can index the element in a correctly?
assume the declaration int a[3][4]=; which one of the following statements is correct?
if a 2-d array a has m columns, the formula to index the element a[i][j] is .
what is the output of the following code? int k,a[3][3]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}; for (k=0;k<3;k ) printf("%d",a[k][2-k]);
which one of the following initialization is correct for the 2-d array a?
assume the declaration int b[]={1,2,[8]=3,4,5,[15]=1,6,7}; the length of array b is .
which one of the following statements about function is right?
which one of the following statements is right?
which one of the following function definitions is right?
if call a function int f(), which does not contain any return statement, which one of the following conclusions is right?
which one of the following determines the return type of a function in c language?
which one of the following statements about function return type is wrong?
which one of the following statements is wrong?
which one of the following is right?
given a function definition as follows: void f(char ch, float x ) { ...... } which one of the following function call statements is right?
assume a program defines a function as follows: double f(double a,double b) { return (a b); } but the definition is written after calling f. therefore, f should be declared before the calling. which one of the following prototypes is wrong?
which one of the following statements about function declaration is wrong?
if an array name is used for an actual parameter in a function calling, which one of the following will be delivered to the corresponding formal parameter?
given the following code in the main function, which one of the following is an incorrect declaration of the formal argument in function f? int a[3][4]; f(a);
read the following program: int fun1(double a) { return a*=a;} int fun2(double x,double y) { double a=0,b=0; a=fun1(x); b=fun1(y); return (int)(a b); } if w is a variable of type double, what is the value of w, after executing the statement w=fun2(1.1,2.0);?
both function definition and function call can be nested.
a function must have a return value, otherwise it cannot be defined as a function.
specifying that the return type is void indicates that the function doesn’t return a value.
the pointer of a variable indicates the of the variable.
given int k=2; int*ptr1,*ptr2; and both ptr1 and ptr2 point to the variable k, which one of the following assignments is not correct?
given int*p,m=5,n; which one of the following statements is right?
given int*p,a=4; and p=&a; in which one of the following, all items indicate addresses?
if a pointer p points to a variable x, which one of the following is equal to *&x ?
if the pointer p points to an integer variable x, which one of the following is equal to (*p) ?
for two pointer variables of the same base type, which one of the following operations cannot be done?
given the following function and the variable declaration int a=25; which one of the following is the result of the statement print_value(&a); ? void print_value(int *x) { printf("%d", *x); }
given char s[10]; which one of the following is not the address of s[1]?
given int a[5],*p=a; which one of the following is a correct reference to an element in array a ?
given int a[5],*p=a; which one of the following is a correct reference to the address of an element in array a ?
given int x[]={1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0},*p=x,k; and k is larger than or equal to 0 and less than 10, which one of the following is a wrong reference to the array element x[k]?
given int x[6]={2,4,6,8,5,7},*p=x,i; which one of the following code cannot output the 6 elements in array x in order?
given int a[2][3]; which one of the following is a correct reference to the address of the element in i-th row and j-th column of array a?
given int a=3,b,*p=&a；which one of the following statements doesn’t assign the value 3 to b?
given int a[4][5]; which one of the following references is incorrect?
given int a[2][3],(*p)[3]; p=a; which one of the following references to an element in the array a is correct?
given int (*p)[4]; which one of the following statements is right?
the return value of the function char* fun(char *p){ return p; } is .
assuming char x[]="12345",y[]={'1','2','3','4','5',''}; which one of the following statements is correct?
which one of the following initializations of the character array s is wrong?
which one of the following character arrays cannot be used as a string?
which is the output of the following code? char c[5]={'a','b','','c',''}; printf("%s",c);
given two arrays of character, a and b, which one of the following statements is correct?
which is the output of the following code? char a[7]="abcdef"; char b[4]="abc"; strcpy(a,b); printf("%c",a[5]);
which is the output of the following code? char c[]="\t\b\\\0will\n"; printf("%d",strlen(c));
which one of the following can be used to test whether the string a is greater than b?
the value of the expression strcmp("3.14","3.278") is .
given the following code： #include #include int main() { char p[]={'a','b','c'}, q[10]={'a','b','c'}; printf("%d %d", strlen(p), strlen(q)); return 0; } which one of the following statements is true?
which is the output of the following code? char w[][10]={"abcd","efgh","ijkl","mnop"} , k; for(k=1;k<3;k ) printf("%s",w[k]);
if the function fun is defined as: void fun(char ch[], float x) { …… }, which one of the following function call statements is correct for function fun?
which one of the following statements about character array is wrong?
which one of the following is correct?
which one of the following statement(s) is a correct for the string s?
given char s[]="china"; char *p ; p=s ; which one of the following is correct?
given char a[]="itiine", *p="itiine"; which one of the following is incorrect?
given char *cc[2]={"1234","5678"}; which one of the following is correct?
assume s1 and s2 are declared correctly, if we want to execute the statement s when string s1 is greater than s2, which one of the following statements is correct?
given char s1[]="string1",s2[8],*s3,*s4="string2"; which one of the following is incorrect for library function strcpy?
which one of the following is correct about data file and c language?
the system standard input file is .
the system standard output file is .
which one of the following is a correct file name argument for the function fopen?
given char fname[]="infile.dat"; , which one of the following is a correct way to open the text file infile.dat for reading?
which one of the following is a correct way to create a file for both reading and writing using the function fopen ?
if errors occur while executing the function fopen, what is its return value?
if open an existing file using the argument "a ", which one of the following is correct?
in the file open modes, the string "rb" indicates .
when opening the text file "a:\\aa.dat" in the mode "w", if the file already exists, .
in c program, which one of the following can write an integer data into a file in binary form?
which one is the prototype of the function fputc that write a character to the disk files?
which one of the following operations can be done using the function fseek?
the function calling fseek(fp,-20l,seek_end) complete the operation .
which one of the following codes is nearly equal to fseek(fp,0l,seek_set)?
the function rewind can .
the function ftell(fp) can .
given a structure definition as follows: struct stu { int a; float b; } stutype; , which one of the following statements is wrong?
for which one of the following definitions, the compiler will not allocate memory locations.
which one of the following definitions of the structure variable td1 is wrong?
when declare a structure variable, the size of space allocated by system is .
given the declaration of a structure tag named student as follows: struct student { int no ; char name[20]; char sex; struct { int year; int month ; int day ; } birth; } s; if the member birth of the structure variable s is october 1, 2016. which one of the following assignments is right?
given the following code, which one of the following statements can output the letter m. struct person { char name[9]; int age; }; struct person class[10]={"johu",17,"paul",19,"mary",18,"adam",16};
which one of the following reference to a member of structure is not right? struct pupil { char name[20]; int age; int sex; } pup[5], *p=pup;
which one of the following reference is not right? struct s { int i1; struct s *i2,*i0; }; static struct s a[3]={2,&a[1],0,4,&a[2],&a[0],6,0,&a[1]}, *ptr=a;
given the following declaration: struct sk { int a; float b; } data; int *p; which one of the following assignments is right, to make p point to a in data?
given the declaration: struct{int a; char b;} q,*p=&q; which one of the following expression is wrong?
given the following code: struct st { int x; int *y; } *pt; int a[]={1,2},b[]={3,4}; struct st c[2]={10,a,20,b}; pt=c; which one of the following expressions has the value of 11?
which one of the following statements about union is right?
when declare a union variable, the size of space allocated by the compiler is .
given the following program: union { char a[10]; short b[4][5]; long c[5]; } u; the value of sizeof(u) is .
given the following program: union data { char ch; int x; } a; which one of the following is not right?
given the following declaration: enum color {red,yellow=2,blue,white,black} r=white; what is the output after executing the statement printf("%d",r); ?
given the following declaration: enum week {sun, mon, tue, wed, thu, fri, sat} day; which one of the following assignments is right?
which one of the following statements is wrong?
given the following statement: typedef struct {int n;char ch[8];} per; which one of the following statements is right?
which of the following is a legal c identifier？
in c language, which of the following operator requires its operands must be of type int?
suppose that we call scanf as follows: scanf(“%f%d%f”, &x, &i, &y); if the user enters: 12.3 45.6 789 what will be the values of x, i, and y after the call? (assume that x and y are float variables and i is an int variable.)
suppose int x=3,y=4,z=5; , which of the following is the value of the expression !(x y) z-1 && y z/2 ?
the following code . x=-1; do{ x=x*x; }while (!x);
the three identifiers, weight, weight and weight, are equal in c language.
the expression in a case label of a switch statement must be constant expression.
in switch statement, several case can execute the same program segment.
without break (or some other jump statement) at the end of a case, control will flow into the next case.
the loop body in the for statement will be executed at least once.
“城市生态学研究的是：社会、经济、自然三个亚系统不同层次、各组分间相生相克的复杂关系。”此段话意指哪个学派？
下列哪项不属于城市生态学研究的三范式？
城镇人口首次超过农村人口是在哪一年？
下列哪项不属于城市化带来的弊端？
城市生态系统中，下列哪一项占主要优势？
城市恢复生态学属于三大范式中的哪一项？
下列哪项不属于城市植被的特征?
不属于城市有害昆虫的是哪一项？
自然演替理论不包括哪项演替阶段？
下列哪项不属于城市空间形态的经典模型？
下列哪项不属于课程中提到的城市生态“三观”？
城市生态学主要研究城市生态系统的哪些方面？
都市演替论有哪些驱动力？
城市化标志有哪些？
下列哪些属于人类生态系统？
生态学研究中的pp和mm指的是什么？
下列哪些选项可以纳入城市植物区系的统计
城市植物区系的影响要素包括哪些？
下列哪些植物属于珍贵珍稀植物?
下列哪些措施有利于城市野生动物的保护管理？
“城”字意指商业概念，即商品交换的场所。
数字、智慧、智能城市均属于易居城市的范畴
工业化富人常常居住在离工业区最远的地方。
城市生态系统中的物质循环呈正金字塔型。
城市生态系统中，植物和动物是这个系统的核心和决定因素。
小说、绘画、音乐属于城市生态系统的物质生产功能。
城市生态学研究中的“看法”属于科学理性。
城市热岛和土壤动物都是城市非生物环境
水体富营养化是城市特有的环境问题
一个区域的乡土植物比例可以表征城市化程度。
植被指的是地面上生长着的植物总称，它等同于绿地的概念。
新阶段的城市园林、城市森林应该最大化的追求其社会经济效益。
较之农村地区，中心城区更容易出现“蝇退蚊进”的现象。
空气微生物可以独立在空气中繁殖。
较之室内空气微生物，室外空气微生物是疾病的主要传播因子。
潜伏层为枯枝落叶层的蚯蚓会因为城市化程度加大而数量剧减。
2018年的城镇化率为多少？
依据联合国人口老龄化统计标准，一个地区60岁及以上老人占总人口的比例达多少？或是65岁及以上老人占总人口的比例达多少？可判定该地区进入老龄化社会。
1962年，科学家瑞切尔·卡尔松的哪部著作引发了人类对环境问题的关注？
狩猎文明、农业文明、工业文明和生态文明这四个阶段对应的人与自然关系分别为？ 其中①人改造自然②人与自然和谐相处③人向自然大肆掠夺④人受自然控制
不属于城市非生物环境的是哪项？
城市人口数量由哪些决定？
城市人口社会结构包括哪些？
城市森林有哪些作用？
城市生态学可以分为哪几个学派？
本课程中提出的异龄复层常绿落叶混交林的城市近自然林模式的优势有哪些？
人是城市生态系统中生命系统的主体，人既是生产者又是消费者。
城市性质、规模不同，劳动构成也不同。一般说来，城市越大，服务人员比重越高。
在人与自然的关系中，人不只是简单地适应环境，而且可以能动地利用和改造自然，因此人口容量可以无限增大。
“可持续发展”强调的是只需要满足现代人的需求，充分享受富有的生产成果。
污染物的越境污染可能是人为转移导致，也可能是大气、海洋等自然循环造成。
“绿色沙漠”指有绿无虫、有绿无鸟的现象。
宜居城市一定是一些规模大的城市。
工业文明阶段大量生产、大量消费、大量废弃，属于单向型社会。
按群落起源和性质可将城市植被分为自然植被和人工栽培植被两大类。
城市土地利用变化导致硬质下垫面增多，致使城市水文条件波动剧烈。
人类是能“自我驯化”的动物，但这种自我驯化存在极限。
人口压力系数大于1表示现实人口数大于人口容量，即人口已经超载。
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